He helps the dolphin 🐬

 Enzo Maiorca was an Italian free diver who held several world freediving records. Born Vincenzo Maiorca on 21 June 1931 in Syracuse, Sicily, he died on 13 November 2016 in the same city. 

Age at death 85 years.

In 2009, famous Italian freediver Enzo Maiorca was diving with his daughter Rossana near the coast of Syracuse when something truly special happened.

As he was going deeper into the water, Enzo suddenly felt a soft tap on his back. When he turned around, he saw a dolphin—not there to play, but clearly asking for help.

The dolphin swam down, and Enzo followed. About 15 meters below the surface, they found another dolphin stuck in an old fishing net. Without wasting a moment, Enzo called to his daughter for a knife and carefully cut the net to free the dolphin.

As soon as it was free, the dolphin made a sound Enzo later described as “almost like a human cry.”

When they all reached the surface, Enzo and Rossana saw that the dolphin was a pregnant female—and just moments later, she gave birth right there in the open sea.

The male dolphin circled around them, then gently came up to Enzo, touched his cheek with its nose—like a soft kiss—and then swam away with his new little family.

Later, Enzo shared his thoughts:
“Until people learn to respect and communicate with the natural world, they’ll never truly understand their place on this planet.”

A strong reminder that nature has a voice—if we’re willing to listen.

I am 45, and I want to apply for a PhD degree.

 I am 45, and I want to apply for a PhD degree. Is it okay and possible to do it? Am I too old for this?

(a) Yes, it’s too late.

(b) No, it’s never too late.

Regarding (a) “the system” of grad school is designed to import 22 year olds and spit them out 6–7 years later with PhDs. “the system” is built around a model that you can work 14 hour days, 7 days a week, for months at a time, with either meagre salary (or no salary at all). If you’re also starting a family at the same time, there had better be a *lot* of parental and inlaw support — or there is going to be a train wreck. For my *entire* academic career I was always surprised to encounter PhD students who were married.

Regarding (b) well, given an enlightened and compatible advisor (as well as independent wealth to pay tuition), you never know. There was a grad student in my Department who was a decade older when he *started* his PhD program than I was when I *retired* from the faculty. He’d had a long, successful engineering career, and had the money to pay his own way, and he found the perfect advisor for his work … every time I saw him he looked positively joyful, as if he couldn’t imagine having more fun than working on his PhD.

Frankly, I found him to be rather inspirational.

愿上帝祝福你

 今日经文。

神能照着运行在我们心里的大力，充充足足地成就一切，超过我们所求所想的。~以弗所书 3:20。

尊敬的读者，我们常常发现自己祷告的期望有限。有时我们祈求神赐给我们足够的力量度过一天，或者在生活的某个方面取得小小的突破。但以弗所书 3:20 提醒我们，神不受我们能力的限制或微小的请求所束缚。他是满溢的神。他能成就一切，远超我们所能梦想的。

想想你祷告蒙应允的时候，远超你的预期。那是神在你里面运行的大能。而这同样的力量今天也活在你的生命中。

 无论你面临什么情况，无论是经济压力、健康问题、家庭困境，还是对未来的不确定性，上帝都能带来超乎你想象的奇迹。

期待他的行动。带着信心，而不是恐惧，迎接这一天。让你心中充满期待，知道你所侍奉的是一位专攻不可能之事的上帝。在我们结束这一天之前，让我们一起祷告。

🙏 天父，感谢你是丰盛和奇迹的上帝。

原谅我曾经怀疑过你的大能。今天我选择相信并期待更多，因为你所能做的远超我所能求或所能想。主啊，求你通过我动工，让我的生命彰显你的大能，奉耶稣基督的名。阿们。感谢主，感谢你信实的话语。

亲爱的，这是今天的经文。今天请将以弗所书3:20带在身边。 亲爱的，这就是今天的经文。今天请将以弗所书3:20带在身边。期待奇迹。相信他的时机，并相信他的能力在你里面运行。如果这节经文鼓励了你，就分享给那些需要提醒的人，上帝仍然能够成就不可能的事。

愿上帝祝福你。

Jīnrì jīng wén.

Shén néng zhàozhe yùnxíng zài wǒmen xīnlǐ de dàlì, chōng chōngzú zú dì chéngjiù yīqiè, chāoguò wǒmen suǒ qiú suǒ xiǎng de.~Yǐ fú suǒ shū 3:20.

Zūnjìng de dúzhě, wǒmen chángcháng fāxiàn zìjǐ dǎogào de qīwàng yǒuxiàn. Yǒushí wǒmen qíqiú shén cì gěi wǒmen zúgòu de lìliàng dùguò yītiān, huòzhě zài shēnghuó de mǒu gè fāngmiàn qǔdé xiǎo xiǎo dì túpò. Dàn yǐ fú suǒ shū 3:20 Tíxǐng wǒmen, shén bù shòu wǒmen nénglì de xiànzhì huò wéixiǎo de qǐngqiú suǒ shùfù. Tā shì mǎn yì de shén. Tā néng chéngjiù yīqiè, yuǎn chāo wǒmen suǒ néng mèngxiǎng de.

Xiǎng xiǎng nǐ dǎogào méng yìngyǔn de shíhòu, yuǎn chāo nǐ de yùqí. Nà shì shén zài nǐ lǐmiàn yùnxíng de dà néng. Ér zhè tóngyàng de lìliàng jīntiān yě huó zài nǐ de shēngmìng zhòng.

Wúlùn nǐ miànlín shénme qíngkuàng, wúlùn shì jīngjì yālì, jiànkāng wèntí, jiātíng kùnjìng, háishì duì wèilái de bù quèdìng xìng, shàngdì dū néng dài lái chāo hū nǐ xiǎngxiàng de qíjì.

Qídài tā de xíngdòng. Dàizhe xìnxīn, ér bùshì kǒngjù, yíngjiē zhè yītiān. Ràng nǐ xīnzhōng chōngmǎn qídài, zhīdào nǐ suǒ shìfèng de shì yī wèi zhuāngōng bù kěnéng zhī shì de shàngdì. Zài wǒmen jiéshù zhè yītiān zhīqián, ràng wǒmen yīqǐ dǎogào.

🙏 Tiān fù, gǎnxiè nǐ shì fēngshèng hé qíjì de shàngdì.

Yuánliàng wǒ céngjīng huáiyíguò nǐ de dà néng. Jīntiān wǒ xuǎnzé xiāngxìn bìng qídài gèng duō, yīnwèi nǐ suǒ néng zuò de yuǎn chāo wǒ suǒ néng qiú huò suǒ néng xiǎng. Zhǔ a, qiú nǐ tōngguò wǒ dònggōng, ràng wǒ de shēngmìng zhāngxiǎn nǐ de dà néng, fèng yēsū jīdū de míng. Āmen. Gǎnxiè zhǔ, gǎnxiè nǐ xìnshí de huàyǔ.

Qīn'ài de, zhè shì jīntiān de jīng wén. Jīntiān qǐng jiāng yǐ fú suǒ shū 3:20 Dài zài shēnbiān. Qīn'ài de, zhè jiùshì jīntiān de jīng wén. Jīntiān qǐng jiāng yǐ fú suǒ shū 3:20 Dài zài shēnbiān. Qídài qíjì. Xiāngxìn tā de shíjī, bìng xiāngxìn tā de nénglì zài nǐ lǐmiàn yùnxíng. Rúguǒ zhè jié jīng wén gǔlìle nǐ, jiù fēnxiǎng gěi nàxiē xūyào tíxǐng de rén, shàngdì réngrán nénggòu chéngjiù bù kěnéng de shì.

Yuàn shàngdì zhùfú nǐ. 

今日经文。Jīnrì jīng wén • Verse of the day.

神能照着运行在我们心里的大力，充充足足地成就一切，超过我们所求所想的。~以弗所书 3:20。Shén néng zhàozhe yùnxíng zài wǒmen xīnlǐ de dàlì, chōng chōngzú zú dì chéngjiù yīqiè, chāoguò wǒmen suǒ qiú suǒ xiǎng de.~Yǐ fú suǒ shū 3:20. • Now to him who is able to do  immeasurably more than all we ask or imagine according to his power that is at work within us. ~ Ephesians 3:20. 

尊敬的读者，我们常常发现自己祷告的期望有限。有时我们祈求神赐给我们足够的力量度过一天，或者在生活的某个方面取得小小的突破。但以弗所书 3:20 提醒我们，神不受我们能力的限制或微小的请求所束缚。他是满溢的神。他能成就一切，远超我们所能梦想的。Zūnjìng de dúzhě, wǒmen chángcháng fāxiàn zìjǐ dǎogào de qīwàng yǒuxiàn. Yǒushí wǒmen qíqiú shén cì gěi wǒmen zúgòu de lìliàng dùguò yītiān, huòzhě zài shēnghuó de mǒu gè fāngmiàn qǔdé xiǎo xiǎo dì túpò. Dàn yǐ fú suǒ shū 3:20 Tíxǐng wǒmen, shén bù shòu wǒmen nénglì de xiànzhì huò wéixiǎo de qǐngqiú suǒ shùfù. Tā shì mǎn yì de shén. Tā néng chéngjiù yīqiè, yuǎn chāo wǒmen suǒ néng mèngxiǎng de. •Respected reader , we often find ourselves praying with limited expectations.  Sometimes we ask God for just enough strength to get through the day or for a small breakthrough in one area of our lives. But Ephesians 3:20 reminds us that God is not bound by our limitations or our small requests. He is the God of overflow. He can do immeasurably more than we could ever dream of. 

想想你祷告蒙应允的时候，远超你的预期。那是神在你里面运行的大能。而这同样的力量今天也活在你的生命中。Xiǎng xiǎng nǐ dǎogào méng yìngyǔn de shíhòu, yuǎn chāo nǐ de yùqí. Nà shì shén zài nǐ lǐmiàn yùnxíng de dà néng. Ér zhè tóngyàng de lìliàng jīntiān yě huó zài nǐ de shēngmìng zhòng. • Think about a time when you received an answer to prayer that was far better than you expected. That was God's power at work within you. And that same power is alive in your life today. 

 无论你面临什么情况，无论是经济压力、健康问题、家庭困境，还是对未来的不确定性，上帝都能带来超乎你想象的奇迹。Wúlùn nǐ miànlín shénme qíngkuàng, wúlùn shì jīngjì yālì, jiànkāng wèntí, jiātíng kùnjìng, háishì duì wèilái de bù quèdìng xìng, shàngdì dū néng dài lái chāo hū nǐ xiǎngxiàng de qíjì. •Whatever situation you are facing, whether it's financial stress, health concerns, family struggles, or uncertainty about the future, God is able to bring about miracles beyond your imagination. 

期待他的行动。带着信心，而不是恐惧，迎接这一天。让你心中充满期待，知道你所侍奉的是一位专攻不可能之事的上帝。在我们结束这一天之前，让我们一起祷告。Qídài tā de xíngdòng. Dàizhe xìnxīn, ér bùshì kǒngjù, yíngjiē zhè yītiān. Ràng nǐ xīnzhōng chōngmǎn qídài, zhīdào nǐ suǒ shìfèng de shì yī wèi zhuāngōng bù kěnéng zhī shì de shàngdì. Zài wǒmen jiéshù zhè yītiān zhīqián, ràng wǒmen yīqǐ dǎogào. •Expect him to move. Approach this day with faith, not fear.  Let anticipation rise in your heart knowing that you serve a God who specializes in the impossible.  Before we call it a day, let us pray together. 

🙏 天父，感谢你是丰盛和奇迹的上帝。🙏 Tiān fù, gǎnxiè nǐ shì fēngshèng hé qíjì de shàngdì. 

•🙏 Heavenly Father, thank you for being the God of abundance and miracles. 

原谅我曾经怀疑过你的大能。今天我选择相信并期待更多，因为你所能做的远超我所能求或所能想。主啊，求你通过我动工，让我的生命彰显你的大能，奉耶稣基督的名。阿们。感谢主，感谢你信实的话语。Yuánliàng wǒ céngjīng huáiyíguò nǐ de dà néng. Jīntiān wǒ xuǎnzé xiāngxìn bìng qídài gèng duō, yīnwèi nǐ suǒ néng zuò de yuǎn chāo wǒ suǒ néng qiú huò suǒ néng xiǎng. Zhǔ a, qiú nǐ tōngguò wǒ dònggōng, ràng wǒ de shēngmìng zhāngxiǎn nǐ de dà néng, fèng yēsū jīdū de míng. Āmen. Gǎnxiè zhǔ, gǎnxiè nǐ xìnshí de huàyǔ. • Forgive me for the times I've doubted your power. Today I choose to believe and expect more because you are able to do far beyond what I can ask or imagine.  Work through me Lord and let your power be seen in my life in Jesus Christ's name. Amen. Thank you Lord for your faithful word. 

亲爱的，这是今天的经文。今天请将以弗所书3:20带在身边。 亲爱的，这就是今天的经文。今天请将以弗所书3:20带在身边。期待奇迹。相信他的时机，并相信他的能力在你里面运行。如果这节经文鼓励了你，就分享给那些需要提醒的人，上帝仍然能够成就不可能的事。Qīn'ài de, zhè shì jīntiān de jīng wén. Jīntiān qǐng jiāng yǐ fú suǒ shū 3:20 Dài zài shēnbiān. Qīn'ài de, zhè jiùshì jīntiān de jīng wén. Jīntiān qǐng jiāng yǐ fú suǒ shū 3:20 Dài zài shēnbiān. Qídài qíjì. Xiāngxìn tā de shíjī, bìng xiāngxìn tā de nénglì zài nǐ lǐmiàn yùnxíng. Rúguǒ zhè jié jīng wén gǔlìle nǐ, jiù fēnxiǎng gěi nàxiē xūyào tíxǐng de rén, shàngdì réngrán nénggòu chéngjiù bù kěnéng de shì. •Beloved, that was the verse of the day. Carry Ephesians 3:20 with you today. Beloved, that was the verse of the day. Carry Ephesians 3:20 with you today. Expect miracles. Trust his timing and believe that his power is at work within you. If this verse encouraged you, share it with someone who needs a reminder that God can still do the impossible. 

 God bless you.

Verse of the day. 

 Now to him who is able to do  immeasurably more than all we ask or imagine according to his power that is at work within us. ~ Ephesians 3:20. 

 Respected reader , we often find ourselves praying with limited expectations.  Sometimes we ask God for just enough strength to get through the day or for a small breakthrough in one area of our lives. But Ephesians 3:20 reminds us that God is not bound by our limitations or our small requests. He is the God of overflow. He can do immeasurably more than we could ever dream of. 

 Think about a time when you received an answer to prayer that was far better than you expected. That was God's power at work within you. And that same power is alive in your life today. 

    Whatever situation you are facing, whether it's financial stress, health concerns, family struggles, or uncertainty about the future, God is able to bring about miracles beyond your imagination. 

 Expect him to move. Approach this day with faith, not fear.  Let anticipation rise in your heart knowing that you serve a God who specializes in the impossible.  Before we call it a day, let us pray together. 

 🙏  Heavenly Father, thank you for being the God of abundance and miracles. 

 Forgive me for the times I've doubted your power. Today I choose to believe and expect more because you are able to do far beyond what I can ask or imagine.  Work through me Lord and let your power be seen in my life in Jesus Christ's name. Amen. Thank you Lord for your faithful word. 

  Beloved, that was the verse of the day. Carry Ephesians 3:20 with you today. Beloved, that was the verse of the day. Carry Ephesians 3:20 with you today. Expect miracles. Trust his timing and believe that his power is at work within you. If this verse encouraged you, share it with someone who needs a reminder that God can still do the impossible. 

 God bless you.

愿上帝祝福你。

Sea water Desalination Plants in Saudi Arabia

 

"Blackridge Research and Consulting"Blog

Top 5 Desalination 

Plants in Saudi Arabia 

(2025)

Saudi Arabia is in a geographical 

location that records low rainfall 

levels. Its desert environment and 

high temperatures result in regular 

water shortage problems. 

Desalination plants in Saudi Arabia 

function as a reliable source of 

potable water for its people. 

Thereby, resolving water scarcity 

issues. 

 

KSA (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) is 

renowned in the world for 

desalination plant projects. Its 

advanced desalination technology 

ensures the production of large 

volumes of desalinated potable 

water. Hence, meeting the supply-

demand ratio of its people. 

 

1. An Overview of Saudi 

Arabia Desalination

The desalination plants in Saudi 

Arabia evolved into a large water 

supply industry for millions of 

people. Through RO (Reverse 

Osmosis) technology, seawater is 

passed through a semipermeable 

membrane, leaving fresh water 

behind. 

 

 

With the rise in water shortage and 

awareness about the desalination 

process, a department ‘Desalination 

Of Saline Water’ was formed in early 

1965. Thereby, building their first 

desalination plants in AI Wajh and 

Duba, desalination plant Jeddah, 

and Khobar. 

 

Through years of research and 

innovation, desalination plants in 

Saudi Arabia improved their 

desalination process and capacity. 

A few notable achievements include 

Ras Al Khair, Shuaiba 3, Al Khafji, 

Rabigh 3and JWAP (Jubail Water 

and Power Company). 

 

2. Top Desalination 

Plants In Saudi 

Arabia (By Capacity)

Project Name	Location	Capacity	Project Cost
Ras AL Khair	The Eastern coast of Ras Al Khair Industrial city	2,998,000 m3/day	USD 7.2 Billion
JWAP (Jubail Water and Power)	Jubail	800,000 m3/day	USD 800-1000 Million (estimated)
AI Khobar II	AI Khobar, Eastern Coast	630,000m3/day	USD 500 Million (estimated)
Shuaiba 3	Shuaiba, KSA	600,000 m3/day	USD 821 Million
Yanbu 4	AR Rayis, Madinah Province	450,000m3/day	USD 880 Million

 

Saudi Arabia is well-equipped with 

large-capacity desalination plants. 

Here is the list of desalination 

plants in Saudi Arabia that serve 

the purpose of fulfilling the water 

demand of its people.

 

2.1. Ras AL Khair Power 

and Desalination Plant

Project Name	Ras AL Khair Power and Desalination Plant
Location	Eastern coast of Ras Al Khair Industrial city
Commissioned in	April 2014
Capacity	2,998,000 m3/day
Built By	SWCC (Saline Water Conversion Corporation of Saudi Arabia)
Operated By	SWCC (Saline Water Conversion Corporation of Saudi Arabia)

 

The Ras AL Khair desalination plant 

is considered the biggest 

desalination plant in Saudi Arabia 

and the largest desalination plant 

in the world. It produces 2,998,000 

cubic meters of water per day. It is 

located on the eastern coast of Ras 

Al Khair Industrial city.  The Ras AL 

Khair desalination plant cost is 

around USD 7.2 billion.

 

This project was commissioned in 

April 2014. The Ras Al Khair plant is 

owned and operated by the SWCC 

(Saline Water Conversion 

Corporation of Saudi Arabia). The 

desalination technology used in 

this project is MSF (Multi-Stage 

Flash) and RO.

 

 

The Ras AL Khair power and 

desalination plant collects water 

from the Persian Gulf and performs 

MSF and RO. This project is a 

hybrid model and comprises eight 

MSF and 17 RO units. 

 

It majorly supplies clean water to 

Riyadh and Hafr AL-Batin the 

largest cities of Saudi Arabia. The 

Ras AL Khair is a power and 

desalination plant as it includes a 

power plant generating 2400 

MegaWatts of electricity. 

 

2.2. JWAP Desalination 

Plant

Project Name	JWAP (Jubail Water and Power) desalination plant
Location	Jubail
Commissioned in	2010
Capacity	800,000 m3day
Built By	Marafiq and Saudi Electricity Company
Operated By	Marafiq Water and Supply Company

 

The Jubail desalination plant is 

renowned as an integrated power 

and water facility. This biggest 

plant in Saudi Arabia is a joint 

venture between Marafiq and Saudi 

Electricity Company. It was 

commissioned in 2010. It is 

located in Jubail. 

 

The JWAP desalination project was 

funded by the PIF (Public 

Investment fund) and Marafiq 

Consortium. It includes ENGIE, GIC 

(Gulf Investment Corporation) and 

ACWA power projects. 

 

 

This project can produce 800,000 

cubic meters per day. The 

desalination technology used here 

is a combined cycle of generation 

of desalinated water and electricity. 

 

Its dual-purpose facility makes it 

one of the notable desalination 

plants in Saudi Arabia. The 

JWAP desalination plant consists 

of 27 desalination units that 

function based on MED (Multi-

Effect Distillation) technology. 

 

2.2.1. Jubail 3A Desalination 

Plant

The Jubail 3A Independent 

desalination plant is located in 

Jubail, KSA. This project is an 

extension of the JWAP desalination 

plant. The Jubail 3A can produce  

600,000 cubic meters per day. It 

was commissioned in 2023. 

 

The desalination technology used is 

RO to produce desalinated fresh 

water. The Jubail 3A is a greenfield 

seawater desalination project. 

About USD 658 Million is 

considered as a project cost for 

this desalination project. 

 

This project is led by ACWA Power 

including GIC and AWP (AI Bawani 

Water & Power Company). The 

ACWA Power will construct and 

operate the Jubail 3A desalination 

plant. 

2.3. AI Khobar 2 

Desalination Plant

Project Name	AI Khobar 2 Desalination Plant
Location	AI Khobar, Eastern Coast
Commissioned in	2018
Capacity	630,000 m3/day
Built By	Acciona with RTCC
Operated By	Acciona with RTCC

 

The AI Khobar II is located on the 

east coast of KSA. It can produce 

630,000 cubic meters of water per 

day. The desalination technology 

used is RO which ensures it fulfills 

water demand. 

 

This project is built by a consortium 

led by Acciona and RTCC(AI-Rashid 

Trading & Contracting Company). It 

is one of the largest RO plants in 

Saudi Arabia. The project is built 

with sustainable practices to 

minimize environmental harm and 

maintain quality. 

 

 The AI Khobar 2 specializes in 

seawater and fresh water 

desalination processes. It also holds 

the title of largest RO desalination 

plant built in Saudi Arabia. This 

desalination plant is unique with its 

dual-function facility. Hence, it can 

be used for water and power 

production. 

 

Also Read: Top 5 Desalination 

Plants in Israel 

 

2.4. Shuaiba 3 Desalination 

Plant

Project Name	Shuaiba 3 Desalination Plant
Location	Shuaibah, KSA
Commissioned in	May 2025 (expected)
Capacity	600,000 m3/day
Built By	ACWA Power and WEHC (PIF)
Operated By	ACWA Power and WEHC (PIF)

 

The Shuaiba 3 desalination plant is 

located in the Shuaibah. This 

desalination plant produces 

600,000 cubic meters per day. The 

Shuaiba 3 is one of the most 

anticipated projects in Saudi Arabia 

and is currently under construction.

This project cost is estimated to be USD 821 Million. It is built by ACWA AND WHEC (Water and Electricity Holding company) PIF. SWPC (Saudi Water Partnership Company) is set to take over after the agreement completion. The desalination technology used here is SWRO (Seawater Reverse Osmosis). Hence, providing potable water for its people. 

The seawater is extracted and passed through RO membranes using high-pressure supply pumps. These RO membranes are designed using Dual Media and Cartridge filters. The power requirement is met through Grid-SEC and Captive Solar PV. 

Also Read: LG Chem to Build Water Desalination Device Plant in Saudi Arabia

2.5. Yanbu 4 Desalination Plant

Project Name

Yanbu 4 Desalination Plant

Location

AR Rayis, Madinah Province 

Commissioned in 2023

Capacity 450,000m3/day 

Built By

ENGIE, Mowah Co, and Nesma

Operated By

ENGIE, Mowah Co, and Nesma

The Yanbu 4 is one of the most recent in the list of desalination plants in Saudi Arabia. It is located near the town of AR Rayis, on the Red Sea coast of KSA. This plant produces 450, 000 cubic meters of freshwater per day for its people. 

It is built and operated by a consortium of ENGIE, Mowah Co, and Nesma. The project cost is  USD 88 Billion. The desalination technology used here is RO which ensures to fulfill Saudi’s water consumption requirements. 

The Yanbu 4 aims to achieve sustainable development through job opportunities for young people. Additionally, it aims to achieve the strategic goals of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030. This project is significant to meet the growing water demand in KSA. 

3. Factors Contributing to the Rise of Desalination Plants in Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia is considered one of the emerging leaders in the desalination industry. Factors like water scarcity, geographical location, and limited water resources contributed to the rise of desalination. 

It is considered a dry land with minimal rainfall, and high evaporation rates. This led to an acute water shortage in Saudi Arabia. Thus, leading to increased desalination plants in Saudi Arabia. 

Through research and improved desalination technologies, Saudi Arabia built 30 desalination plants in 17 different locations. With the increase in population and demand existing desalination plants are expanded in size and capacity. 

Measures are taken by the Government to secure the future of Saudi Arabia by initiating new desalination plants with advanced desalination technology. A few notable projects include Raigbh 3, Shuaibah IWP expansion, and Shuaibah 3.

4. Challenges to the Desalination Plant Industry in Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia is considered a king in the desalination industry. However, here are a few challenges to the desalination plant industry in Saudi Arabia. 

• High Energy Consumption: Increased capacity of desalinated water requires high electricity for uninterrupted production. 

• RO Membrane Replacement Cost: RO membranes required timely replacement to ensure a quality desalination process. This can increase the overall operational cost.

• Brine Disposal: Brine disposal after the desalination process into coastlines or deep sea can affect marine life and ecosystems. 

• Future Water Demand: The future water demand in Saudi Arabia is pre-assumed and can differ from reality. Building or expanding desalination plants for the future can be expensive. 

• Decrease Environmental Imbalance: High power consumption can lead to increased carbon emissions. Thus, affecting the ecological systems of nature. 

5. Conclusion

Desalination plants in Saudi Arabia are a major source of drinking water for millions. Challenges like high energy consumption, increased demand, and brine disposal can be resolved with research, innovation, and alternate solutions. 

6. FAQ’s

6.1. Why does Saudi Arabia use desalination plants?

Saudi Arabia’s limited water resources, low rainfall and high evaporation rates require desalination plants to meet their water requirements and secure their future. 

6.2. How many desalination plants are there in Saudi Arabia?

Saudi Arabia has 30 desalination plants in operation. Many other desalination plants are under construction and are expected to be commissioned in the next 5 years.

6.3. How much does desalination cost in Saudi Arabia?

The cost of setting up a desalination plant in Saudi Arabia can range from USD 8 - 100 Billion (estimated). However, the cost can differ based on different factors like technology, infrastructure, and location. 

6.4. Which country has the largest desalination plant?

Saudi Arabia’s AL Khobar 2 is one of its largest desalination plants. This plant is one the largest sources of drinking water for millions. 

6.5. What are the new desalination projects in Saudi Arabia?

The upcoming desalination projects include Raigbh 3, Shuaibah IWP expansion, and Shuaibah 3, Ras Al Khair 2, and Ras Al Khair 3.